Digital Nomad, Retirement & Investor Visas

Compare digital nomad, retirement and passive income visas by income requirement, processing time and permanent residency path. Free matcher included.

Where do you fit?

I work remotelyVisas for remote employees and freelancersI'm retiredLive abroad on a pension or social securityI live off investmentsIndependent means and self-sufficiency visasI want to investInvestor and golden visa routes

All visa types: Digital Nomad VisasRetirement VisasPassive Income VisasGolden VisasInvestor VisasFreelancer VisasOther Visas

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271 visas found

Namibia

Africa

Freelancer

Namibia Self-Employment Work Permit

Our score
2.4out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

RenewableDependents OK
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Dominica

Latin America

Golden Visa

Dominica Citizenship by Investment

Our score
2.4out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

24-39 wks

Duration

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Dependents OK
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Kazakhstan

Asia

Freelancer

Kazakhstan Tech Startup Visa (Astana Hub)

Our score
2.4out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

60 mo

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Kazakhstan

Asia

Digital Nomad

Kazakhstan Digital Nomad Visa

Our score
2.4out of 5
Friction

Min Income

$3,900/mo

Processing

6 wks

Duration

12 mo

→ PRRenewableDependents OK
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Japan

Asia

Investor

Japan Business Manager Visa

Our score
2.4out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

12 mo

RenewableDependents OK
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Estonia

Europe

Freelancer

Estonia e-Residency + OÜ Company Residency

Our score
2.4out of 5
Friction

Min Income

$1,370/mo

Processing

2-35 wks

Duration

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

RenewableDependents OK
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South Africa

Africa

Digital Nomad

South Africa Digital Nomad Visa

Our score
2.4out of 5
Friction

Min Income

$2,950/mo

Processing

4-8 wks

Duration

36 mo

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Bahrain

Middle East

Golden Visa

Bahrain Golden Visa

Our score
2.4out of 5
Friction

Min Income

$10,638/mo

Processing

1-2 wks

Duration

6 mo

RenewableDependents OK
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United States

North America

Investor

US EB-5 Investor Visa

Our score
2.4out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

24 mo

→ PRDependents OK
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Spain

Europe

Freelancer

Spain Freelance Visa (Autónomo)

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

$3,194/mo

Processing

13-26 wks

Duration

1 mo

→ PR in 5yrRenewableDependents OK
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Canada

North America

Other

Canada Start-Up Visa

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

RenewableDependents OK
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Indonesia

Asia

Digital Nomad

Indonesia Remote Worker Visa (E33G)

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

$2,000/mo

Processing

Not specified

Duration

12 mo

RenewableDependents OK
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Ghana

Africa

Passive Income

Ghana Right of Abode / Extended Residency

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

52-104 wks

Duration

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

→ PRRenewableDependents OK
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Singapore

Asia

Investor

Singapore Global Investor Programme

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

60 mo

→ PRRenewableDependents OK
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Finland

Europe

Digital Nomad

Finland Digital Nomad Visa

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

8-16 wks

Duration

12 mo

Renewable
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Saint Lucia

Latin America

Golden Visa

Saint Lucia Citizenship by Investment

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

13-39 wks

Duration

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Dependents OK
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Denmark

Europe

Other

Denmark Start-Up Visa

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

4 wks

Duration

24 mo

→ PRRenewableDependents OK
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Turkey

Middle East

Freelancer

Turkey Independent Work Permit (Bağımsız Çalışma)

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

3 mo

RenewableDependents OK
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Saint Kitts and Nevis

Latin America

Golden Visa

Saint Kitts and Nevis Citizenship by Investment

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

6-17 wks

Duration

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

RenewableDependents OK
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Saudi Arabia

Middle East

Freelancer

Saudi Arabia Freelance Visa

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

1 wk

Duration

12 mo

Renewable
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Switzerland

Europe

Freelancer

Switzerland Self-Employed Residence Permit

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

~12 wks

Duration

12 mo

→ PR in 5yrRenewableDependents OK
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Belgium

Europe

Freelancer

Belgium Self-Employed Professional Card

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

60 mo

Renewable
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Greece

Europe

Passive Income

Greece Financially Independent Person (FIP) Visa

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

24 mo

Renewable
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New Zealand

Oceania

Investor

New Zealand Investor Visa (Investor 2)

Our score
2.3out of 5
Friction

Min Income

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

Processing

Not specified

Duration

Not published. The official source does not publish this figure yet.

→ PR in 4yrDependents OK
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FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Click any question to expand the answer.

Greece, Croatia, and Spain consistently rank as the most accessible European digital nomad visas. Greece requires $3,850/month in income with a moderate difficulty rating. Spain's Digital Nomad Visa requires only $2,140/month and leads to permanent residency after 5 years. Croatia stands out for its 36-month initial duration — the longest in Europe — at $3,855/month.
Finland's Digital Nomad Visa has the lowest documented income requirement in Europe at $1,317/month. Montenegro ($1,413/month) and France ($1,975/month) are also among the most affordable. Several countries including Romania, Slovakia, and Luxembourg do not publicly specify a minimum income threshold.
In Europe, Greece, Spain, Italy, Slovakia, and Portugal's D8 all lead to permanent residency, typically after 5 years. Austria is notable for offering a PR pathway in just 2 years. Outside Europe, Colombia, Panama, and several Latin American visas also offer residency-to-PR tracks.
Many digital nomad visas allow dependents. In Europe, Greece, Spain, Croatia, Malta, Cyprus, Italy, Bulgaria, Moldova, Montenegro, Slovenia, and North Macedonia all permit dependents. Income requirements typically increase by 25–75% per dependent adult and 25% per child, depending on the country.
Processing times vary widely. Estonia processes applications in about 4 weeks. Cyprus takes 5–7 weeks. Italy ranges from 4–12 weeks. Finland can take 8–16 weeks. Many countries — including Croatia, Greece, Spain, and Montenegro — do not publish official processing timelines.
It depends on the visa. Some have no physical presence requirement at all, which is a major differentiator for people splitting time across countries. Others require you to spend a minimum number of days per year in-country. Always check the specific visa's presence requirement before applying — it directly affects whether you can maintain the visa while traveling.
A digital nomad visa is for people earning active income remotely — from a foreign employer or clients. A passive income visa (like Portugal's D7 or Spain's Non-Lucrative Visa) is for people living off savings, dividends, rental income, or pensions without working. The key distinction is whether your income is earned (work) or unearned (investments/retirement). Mixing the two can affect eligibility depending on the country.
Several countries do not publish a formal minimum income threshold, including Romania, Slovakia, Luxembourg, Poland, Belgium, Lithuania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Iceland. This doesn't mean income is irrelevant — consulates typically still expect proof of sufficient funds — but there's no hard floor published officially.
For the vast majority of digital nomad and long-stay visas, yes. Most European countries require proof of comprehensive health insurance valid for the duration of your stay. Some require coverage meeting EU standards with a minimum coverage amount (Cyprus specifies inpatient and outpatient care). A few accept international policies; others require locally-authorized insurers.
Yes. Most digital nomad visas worldwide are open to all nationalities including US citizens, as long as income and documentation requirements are met. A handful of programs restrict eligibility to specific countries — Panama's Friendly Nations Visa and Japan's Digital Nomad Visa have nationality lists. For EU-based visas, the restriction is typically non-EU nationals only, meaning Americans qualify by default.
A Golden Visa grants residency through investment — typically in real estate, government bonds, or a qualifying fund — rather than through income or employment. Minimum investments typically start at $200,000–$500,000 USD. Digital nomad visas require ongoing remote income but no upfront capital investment. Golden Visas often lead to citizenship faster and carry fewer restrictions on local work.
Passive income and retirement visas are generally the best fit for FIRE practitioners. Portugal's D7 ($1,880/month), Panama's Pensionado ($1,000/month pension), and Costa Rica's Rentista visa are popular choices. The key criteria for FIRE applicants are: whether dividend and capital gains income qualifies, whether there's a local tax on foreign-source investment income, and whether the country has a territorial tax system that exempts foreign income entirely.