Greenland

{"ftc_utility":"high","fbar_trigger_notes":"US expats residing in Greenland who open local bank accounts (denominated in Danish krone, as Greenland uses DKK) must file FBAR if aggregate balances exceed $10,000 at any point during the year. Greenland's banking infrastructure is limited - Grønlandsbanken is the primary local bank. Regular salary deposits could easily trigger FBAR obligations.","ftc_utility_reason":"Greenland's top marginal income tax rate of 44% exceeds the top US federal rate. US expats who qualify as Greenlandic tax residents will typically owe more Greenlandic tax than US tax on the same income, making Foreign Tax Credits highly valuable for eliminating or substantially reducing US tax liability on foreign-earned income not covered by the FEIE.","presence_day_count_notes":"Greenland does not impose visa requirements on US citizens for short stays, but longer-term residence requires registration with Greenlandic authorities. US citizens establishing bona fide residence in Greenland must register as residents. The 330-day physical presence test is achievable in principle, though Greenland's remote location and limited infrastructure mean most long-term residents establish bona fide residence rather than relying on presence counting.","typical_qualifying_method":"either","housing_exclusion_available":true,"physical_presence_test_applies":true,"estimated_housing_exclusion_usd":18000,"local_tax_rate_on_earned_income":0.44,"bona_fide_residence_test_applies":true}

{"pension_income":{"notes":"Foreign pension income is included in Greenlandic taxable income and subject to progressive rates up to 44%. Domestic Greenlandic pensions (ATP and occupational pensions) are taxed on distribution. No special exemption or reduced rate applies to foreign-source pension income.","tax_rate":0.44,"locally_taxed":true},"social_security":{"notes":"No US-Greenland totalization agreement or income tax treaty exists. US Social Security benefits received by a Greenlandic resident could be subject to Greenlandic income tax as foreign pension income. The US also taxes Social Security benefits of citizens abroad, creating potential double taxation mitigable only through the US Foreign Tax Credit.","locally_taxed":true,"treaty_protection":false},"roth_distributions":{"notes":"No treaty exists to protect Roth distributions. Greenland tax authorities may treat Roth distributions as taxable income since the US tax-exempt status of Roth accounts is not recognized under domestic Greenlandic law. Practical guidance from Greenlandic authorities on Roth treatment is limited.","locally_taxed":true},"us_401k_ira_distributions":{"notes":"The US and Greenland do not have a bilateral income tax treaty. The US-Denmark tax treaty does not automatically extend to Greenland, as Greenland's tax system is administered independently. US retirement distributions (401k, traditional IRA) would likely be treated as foreign pension income and included in Greenlandic taxable income at progressive rates up to 44%. US expats would still owe US tax and would need to rely on the Foreign Tax Credit rather than treaty relief.","tax_rate":0.44,"locally_taxed":true,"treaty_protection":false}}

{"rate":0.44,"notes":"Greenland does not have a separate capital gains tax. Gains are generally included in taxable income and subject to the standard progressive income tax rates, with a top marginal rate of 44%.","details":{"tax_type":"Capital Gains Tax","country_name":"Greenland","country_iso_code":"GRL","source_references":["PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries - Greenland","Naalakkersuisut (Government of Greenland) tax authority"],"last_verified_date":"2026-06-03","general_description":"Capital gains are taxed as ordinary income under Greenland's progressive personal income tax system. No separate capital gains tax regime exists. The top marginal rate of 44% applies to gains that push total income above the top bracket threshold. Greenland's tax system is administered separately from Denmark's, as Greenland has had home rule since 1979 and self-governance since 2009.","corporate_capital_gains":{"rate":0.3,"tax_treatment":"Corporate capital gains are included in general taxable income and taxed at the corporate income tax rate of 30%."},"individual_capital_gains":{"rate":0.44,"tax_treatment":"Individual capital gains are included in personal taxable income and taxed at progressive rates up to 44%. No preferential capital gains rate exists."}}}

{"notes":"Dividends received by Greenlandic residents are subject to withholding tax. The standard withholding rate on dividends is 36%. Dividends are generally not further subject to progressive income tax once withholding has been applied, making the withholding largely a final tax for individuals.","rates":[{"rate":0.36,"type":"withholding","notes":"Standard withholding tax rate on dividends paid to resident individuals. This is generally treated as a final tax. Non-residents may face the same rate absent a tax treaty, as Greenland has a very limited treaty network."}]}